Gender Inequality in the Ancient World - 1771 Words

Francesca Succi Dr. Brown Western Civ I 18 September 2012 Gender Inequality in the Ancient World Throughout history, women have been regarded as unequal and subordinate to men. In the male-dominated Western culture, the issue of women’s rights seems unending; even thousands of years after the first evidence of gender inequality, society has yet to even the playing field. Although it seems like our culture is progressive, we still share many qualities with the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia and Greece. Women were in no way equal to men during these ancient times; in fact, in some areas, they were considered subservient to men, with no rights or privileges. However, there were some areas of Ancient Greece that had a different model†¦show more content†¦Women were believed to be irrational, fearful, and ruled by physical desires. One reason why women were kept secluded at home is that they were thought liable to sexual seduction (or other mischief) if they ventured out unescorted (Sacks â€Å"Greece†). Women were predominately seen as mothers – they would be married off at a very young age, begin bearing children as soon as possible, and consequently died much younger than men, often during childbirth. Women were taught not to speak unless spoken to, and were required to tag along beside their husbands the rare times they were ever permitted to leave the house. Although Athens was the birthplace of democracy and was one of the most progressive cities in history, they still stripped women of some of the most basic equality rights (Brown, Lecture, 2012). Athenian culture perpetuated the gender stereotypes that began in Mesopotamia and exaggerated them to ostracize women in society more than the Mesopotamians or Lacedaemonians ever did. Women and men were separated not only in their social roles and responsibilities, but also in their legal rights and punishments. In Mesopotamia, citizens were under the command of Hammurabi’s code. Although this code was harsh in general , it is important not to compare the laws and punishments to modern or post-modern practices, but instead to compare Mesopotamian legal treatment ofShow MoreRelatedGender Equality719 Words   |  3 Pages What is gender equality inequality? An easy question to answer really. Gender equality means that both men women have the same opportunities rights, but gender inequality is different. Gender inequality is when men women don’t have the same opportunities or rights. Back in Ancient Egypt/Greek 1960s society, there was gender inequality. Ancient Egypt Greek society, women were just seen as object, made to be slaves. They were only used for cooking, cleaning, farming, etc. In the 1960sRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1552 Words   |  7 PagesPersepolis by Marjane Satrapi the idea of inequality is introduced through several examples. Marjane Satrapi uses the title to comment on inequality in all aspects of Marjane’s life, including gender, relig ious, economic, and racial status. Although there are several forms of inequality that the title attempts to highlight within the story, it focuses primarily on the issues of gender inequality by comparing the issues that Marjane faces due to her gender and comparing it to issues faced by womenRead MoreMy Own Individual Troubles Of The United States Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pages The United States has been plagued with many troubling issues, and this year, 2016, has only seemed to extrapolate these issues. From the exponential growth of economic inequality, to the structural avenues of privilege and hindrance imbedded in our country, these issues are only seeming to grow, not just in numbers, but also in severity. Unfortunately, 2017’s future does not look much better. With Donald Trump becoming our president elect, who knows what could happen when he steps into officeRead MoreSocial Inequality : A Part Of Sports1080 Words   |  5 PagesThesis: Social inequality is a part of many issues other than sports, but it is a part of sports to do several issues such as gender roles, salary and stereotypes. The Significance: The significance of this topic of inequality in sports is that it does not just occur in sports. It happens all around us, you see social inequality happening at work places, schools, restaurants and many other places. Many people don’t see if because they don’t know what it is. Population: Many people think it onlyRead MorePower, Gender Roles, And Wealth1607 Words   |  7 Pagestortured every single day because of a violent act. Most people in the Ancient World are being taken for granted and their power is being taken away from them. In todays world there are so many new technology, different ways of living, and several new opportunities. This new period of time isn’t what is bringing people to war. War started happening long before. Even long before the war, hierarchy began to develop in the Ancient world, but wait a second what is hierarchy? Hierarchy is primary define asRead MoreSociology and Social Norms Essay examples1246 Words   |  5 PagesThe first decade of this millennium witnessed a dramatic awakening concerning the role of gender which had its marked impact on gender roles. As Wharton states, â€Å"the study of gender emerged as one of the most important trends in the discipline of sociology in the twentieth century† (1). This emergence p rompted many theories regarding gender issues, which in turn, â€Å"propelled the sociological study of gender from the margins to become one of the central features of the discipline† (Wharton 2). ThoughRead MoreGender Inequality Between India And India1225 Words   |  5 PagesGender inequality in India is referred to as fitness, education, political possibilities inequality bet. Diverse worldwide gender inequality indices rank India in a different way on each of these factors, as well as on a complicated basis, and those courses are arguable. Gender inequalities, and its social causes, impact India s intercourse ratio, girls s health over their lifetimes, their academic attainment, and monetary situations. Gender inequality in India is a complex difficulty that issuesRead MoreCauses and Effects of Gender Inequality - Essay1544 Words   |  7 PagesThao Nguyen English 101 Mr. Merchant October 19, 2012 Essay #2 Causes and Effects of Gender Inequality Throughout history, countless acts of gender inequality can be identified; the causes of these discriminating accounts can be traced back to different causes. The general morality of the inequity relies on a belief that men are superior to women; because of this idea, women have spent generations suffering under their counterparts. Also, a common expectation is that men tend to be moreRead MoreThe Combat For Women s Rights1181 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States and all around the world have struggled to be considered equivalent to men, both at home and in the workplace. Women have struggled with voting rights, less pay, lower positions in the workplace, and responsibility of maintaining household chores. Though women have gained voting rights in the United States, women still struggle with the other gender inequalities. In today’s society, women are fighting with more diligence than before to end gender division. Women have made significant

Francium Has the Lowest Electronegativity Value

Electronegativity is a measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons to form a chemical bond. High electronegativity reflects a high capacity to bond electrons, while low electronegativity indicates low ability to attract electrons. Electronegativity increases moving from the bottom left-hand corner of the periodic table toward the upper right-hand corner. The element with the lowest electronegativity value is francium, which has an electronegativity of 0.7. This value uses the Pauling scale to measure electronegativity. The Allen scale assigns the lowest electronegativity to cesium, with a value of 0.659. Francium has an electronegativity of 0.67 on that scale. More About Electronegativity The element with the highest electronegativity  is fluorine, which has an electronegativity of 3.98 on the Pauling Electronegativity Scale and a  valence of 1.

Great Expectations. How Does the Relationship Between Pip...

Great Expectations is set in Victorian England. It is apparent when we read the novel that Charles Dickens expressed many of his own views when writing the narrative, using a strong authorial voice. This is particularly clear when he addresses certain issues concerning the social and cultural concerns of the time, and through Pips desire for social change. The development of the relationship between Pip and Joe is crucial in realising the complexity and importance of their relationship because their friendship is affected by many external factors which are beyond the control of the beholders. In order to explore the change and development I must also consider how society inspired Dickens to write such a powerful novel. Initially, the†¦show more content†¦It is Joes astounded reaction to these lies that causes us to feel sympathetic towards Joe and causes an increased dislike for Pip. However, we are pleased to see that for the first time in his life he is in control of a sit uation, and particularly in control of Mrs. Joe, who he has suffered abuse at her hands for so many years. His attitude towards Joe had also changed, from the extreme affection in chapter six, where Joe is described as the only receptor for Pips love, I loved Joe - perhaps for no reason in those early days than because the dear fellow let me love him. to a mere blacksmith who was the source of Pips shameful upbringing. It is also the first time in the novel that we see such a strong authorial voice, where Dickens asks us directly as a reader to think if we have ever felt such a change in our own lives. However much we are prepared to blame Pip for the drastic changes to Pip and Joes relationship, we cannot ignore the fact that there are many external characters that provoke a course of events which are completely out of the control of both Pip and Joe. Estella and Miss Havisham being the most prominent, as Pip seems to be completely infatuated by Estella and describes her very affectionately as if she was the one thing in his life he had been waiting for; But, she answered at last, and her light came along the dark passage like a star but the arrival of Biddy and Jaggers also form a markedShow MoreRelatedMagwitch Character Analysis1683 Words   |  7 Pageslay in a row nearby with just enough space for a small body to be buried there. There looked to be about five more small tombstones, but with the heavy fog surrounding the marshy area it was hard to tell where anything truly was. The headstone the boy sat in front of however was large enough to fit an adult man. The boy’s fingers traced the letters that had been imprinted on the dark stone some time ago. The concentration he held was uncommon for a boy of that age. Whispering could be heard comingRead MoreEssay Analysis of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens5944 Words   |  24 PagesAnalysis of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Charles Dickens, the revolutionary 19th century novelist, wrote a bildungsroman of Phillip Pirrip (Pip) and the reality of his own â€Å"Great Expectations† in his pursuit to become a gentleman. In Chapter 8, the reader is introduced to Miss Havisham and Estella and this is where Pip first becomes dissatisfied with the life at the forge. There were many writers in Dickens’ day whose works are no longer read; this is possibly because Dickens did something

Algebr No Reasoning Without Algebra - 1311 Words

No Reasoning Without Algebra I am a math major, I love and excel at math, and I failed my first algebra test. I know of many people who hate math, who struggled with math, who could not get past algebra, no matter how hard they tried. Yet we cannot blame them—and we cannot blame algebra either. I got past that test and I passed the class, and algebra has helped me in countless ways, and it has made me a better student. It is the responsibility of schools to prepare students for the working world, to prepare them to be a thoughtful, skillful, and knowledgeable member of our society. Some people mistake a lack of technical, specific abilities as a weakness, but the focus on general knowledge like algebra allows for a breadth of tools to be opened up for students to learn in the future. Schools should teach students to reason abstractly, to acquire skills to be used in many contexts, and to learn to solve practical problems. Algebra does this. Before we even consider the benefits of algebra, and the ben efits of abstract skills, there is an elephant in the room that must be discussed: why is algebra so difficult for students? In â€Å"Is Algebra Necessary?† (2012), Andrew Hacker claims â€Å"algebra is an onerous stumbling block for all kinds of students,† saying that algebra â€Å"blocks further attainment for much of our population† due to high dropout rates coupled with low math scores on transcripts. He believes that forcing students to take algebra means that fail will be

Case Brief on Arizona versus Hicks Free Essays

Case Brief: Arizona v. Hicks The bullet was fired through the defendant’s apartment floor and went in to the apartment below and hit an individual who then called the police. Police responded to the incident and went first to the apartment where the bullet entered. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Brief on Arizona versus Hicks or any similar topic only for you Order Now The defendant, Hicks, was not in the apartment at the time, but the officers found and seized three guns and a stocking-cap mask, which were both plain sight. One of the officers saw two sets of stereo equipment that looked like they didn‘t belong there. The officer moved two turntables of the top of the equipment; the officer recorded their serial numbers and found them to be property stolen in a recent armed robbery. Mr. Hicks was found and charged with multiple crimes, released, and now the state appeals. The prosecution argued that since there were exigent circumstances to search the defendant’s home, any evidence found in â€Å"â€Å"plain sight†Ã¢â‚¬  was seized legally. The defense contested the validity of the search, claiming that the search of the stereo equipment was unwarranted based on its appearance alone and violated the defendant’s Fourth Amendment rights. The defendant is found guilty of the initial charges, but all evidence relating to the robbery charges is ruled fruit of an unlawful search by the state trial court and the Arizona Court of Appeals. When the Arizona Supreme Court denied review, the United States Supreme Court accepted the State’s request for a hearing. The Supreme Court first ruled that the warrantless entry by the officers, under the exigent circumstances exception to the warrant requirement, was valid. The court then ruled that the recording of the equipment’s serial numbers did not constitute a search or seizure. However, when the officer moved the turntable it was held to be a separate search, apart from the search for the defendant and his firearms. It was the court’s ruling that the officer did not have probable cause, only reasonable suspicion to search the stereo equipment. The evidence seized after the discovery of the turntables constituted unlawful search. The lower court’s decision was affirmed. Work Cited http://www. casebriefs. com/blog/law/criminal-procedure/criminal-procedure-keyed-to-weinreb/the-fourth-amendment-arrest-and-search-and-seizure/arizona-v-hicks How to cite Case Brief on Arizona versus Hicks, Papers

Planning And Audit Of Financial Statements â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Planning And Audit Of Financial Statements? Answer: Introducation Before starting any type of the audit, whether it is statutory audit or the internal audit or the limited review or the special audit, the auditor is required to make the plan. This preparation of the plan is required to make the audit team understand as to how the audit will be pursued. The basic premise of the audit plan is to consider the various procedures as to how the audit shall be conducted, the number of members who will conduct the audit with their names and designation, what type of procedures and tests will the auditor apply and so on. There are two important concepts in audit planning. One is the analytical review and other one is the judgment of the materiality of the items present in the financial statements. These two concepts are followed through the analysis of the trial balance, balance sheet and the income statement for the last two years of Fucshia Enterprises. First Step - Analytical Review It is regarded as the first step in planning of the audit and is referred to as the adoption of the analytical review procedures. These procedures entail the designed and systematic review of the financial statements of the company and helps in explaining the relationship and the comparison of the various items present therein. The relationship can be based on the two items of the same year or one item for different financial years but the comparison is made by using the financial data of the company for the last two years. In the given case, the trial balance, balance sheet and income statement of Fucshia enterprises have been analytically reviewed. As per the requirement, seven accounts out of the accounts as stated in the financial statements have been selected for the purpose of the analysis. It includes loan obtained from bank, interest income earned, miscellaneous expense, accounts receivable, interest expense, inventory and the depreciation. The amount of the aforesaid seven accounts is duly compared with the figures of the previous financial years. For instance, the accounts receivable has been increased from $103585 as on 30th of June 2016 to $109850 as on 30th of June 2017. The increase in respect to sales has been from 42.37 % in the year 2016 to 47.22 % in the year 2017. It depicts that the companys policy for collecting the amount from the debtors has weaken or the companys liquidity management is weak which needs attention of the management. Second instance that has been noticed is the unchanged balance of the loan obtained from the bank amounting to $240000 over the past two years irrespective of the payment of int erest expense. Other accounts have also shown significant change which requires deep verification (ACCA, 2016). Second Step - Preliminary Judgment Of Materiality The second step in the audit planning is to judge the materiality of the items stated in the financial statements. The materiality is judged by the analyzing the impact of the particular item stated in the financial statements of the company. The concept of materiality is very much important in the field of accounting and auditing and also when the management wants to take an effective and efficient decision the materiality of the items concerned is checked and verified. The concept in terms of auditing entails the three important things nature of the audit evidence obtained, its timely detection and the extent of the same. The judgment done preliminary basically involves the analysis of the extent at which the particular item can lead to misstatement of the financial information and which is material too. For instance the depreciation has been increased from $15738 in the financial year ending 30th of June 2016 to $32583 in the financial year ending 30th of June 2017 without the respective increase in the amount of the property plant and equipment of the company. The difference is almost 100% plus. It will have the effect on the Profit before tax as stated in the statement of income. Similarly, the inventory has been decreased from $174000 as on 30th of June 2016 to $164500 as on 30th of June 2017. The decrease in the level of the inventory is approximately 5.46% which is quite significant while analyzing the financial statements of the company and the effect of each item therein. The cost of sales which includes the figure of the closing balance of the inventory has also been decreased by $ 9466 and h as led to decrease in the figure of cost of sales to approximately 14.89% and which is quite significant. The company has not provided any limit as to above which item shall be considered as the material and which item shall be considered as immaterial. Due to lack of the information in this regard, the auditor has issued the opinion which is totally unqualified (Ullah, 2014). Rationale For Selection The basis for selection of the head of the bank loan from the financial statement is that the amount has been changed over the past two years. It is has been increased to $288000. The bank loan has been grouped under the major head of noncurrent liability (PCAOB, 2017). Item 2017 2016 Bank Loan $ 288,000 S 240000 Assertion And Explanation The assertion made under this head is the completeness and the accuracy. The completeness has been included because the company has incurred the interest expense during the year but the corresponding loan has not been reduced rather it has been increased. It depicts that the amount of bank loan is not complete and is therefore not accurate. Recommended Audit Procedure The auditor shall verify the amount of bank loan with the sanction letter of the bank and with the repayment schedule of the bank stating the amount of installment to be paid for setting off the bank loan. Rationale For Selection The income earned as interest has been decreased from $50 in the financial year ending 30th of June 2016 to $44 in the financial year ending 30th of June 2017. The decrease is 12%. It has affected the balance of retained earnings. Though it is not material in actual terms but has material effect in absolute terms as 12%. Item 2017 2016 Change Percentage Decreased Interest Income $ 44 S 50 Decrease $6 12% Assertion And Explanation The assertion is the accuracy. The interest income is earned on the amount deposited in banks. The amount of the cash and cash equivalents has been increased over the year from $83000 to $107700. Thus, the question of having the decrease in interest income does not arise and hence the figure is not accurate. Recommended Audit Procedure The auditor shall check the amount of interest with the voucher prepared by the finance department along with the bank statement detailing the amount of interest. The auditor can also obtain the interest certificate from the bank. Rationale For Selection The company has incurred the miscellaneous expense of $1320 in the financial year ending 30th of June 2017 and has not incurred any expense under this head in the previous financial year ending 30th of June 2016. The second rationale for selection is that the increase has affected the retained earnings of the company. Item 2017 2016 Change Percentage Increased Miscellaneous Expense $ 1320 S 0 Increase $1320 100% Assertion And Explanation The assertion is the accuracy and the reliability. The sudden creation of the expense in the head of miscellaneous expense for the year ending 30th of June 2017 is questioning the reliability of the expense and the amount of $1320 is exhibiting the accuracy of the expenses. The auditor is required to check each voucher of the miscellaneous expenses along with the supporting bills and invoices and also check the payment with the bank statement. Rationale For Selection The amount of the accounts receivable has been increased from $103585 in the year 2016 to $131820 in the year 2017. The increase is 27.25% and corresponding increase in sales is 3.78%. It has affected the current ratio of the company including the cash balance and the retained earnings. The companys collection procedure is required to be checked. Item 2017 2016 Change Percentage Increased/ (Decreased) Accounts Receivable $ 131820 S 103585 Increase $28235 27.25% Sales $ 194525 $ 187450 Increase $7075 3.78% Assertion And Explanation The assertion is the reliability. As the increases in the amount of debtors have been received this shows that the amount stated in the financial statements is not reliable for taking the effective decision. Recommended Audit Procedure The auditor shall verify each sale invoice with the accounting voucher and shall obtain the balance confirmation from each of the party mentioned in the accounts receivable. Rationale For Selection The expenditure on interest has been decreased by $500 over the past two years. The rationale for selection of this account is that the corresponding loan account balance has not been changed. The amount of interest expense would have been increased due to non repayment of bank loan. Item 2017 2016 Change Percentage Decreased Interest Expense $ 11500 S 12000 Decrease $500 4.17% Assertion And Explanation The assertion placed is the completeness. The amount of the interest expense cannot be said as it is complete as the interest expense has been decreased irrespective of unchanged balance of loan. Recommended Audit Procedure The auditor shall verify the bank statement detailing the amount paid along with the repayment schedule and check whether the same amount has been entered in the books of accounts. Rationale For Selection The basis for selection of the inventory account is that the balance has been increased by 13.45% over the past year. It has affected the cost of sales and which in turn has affected the retained earnings of the company (Anastasia, 2015). Item 2017 2016 Change Percentage Decreased Inventory $ 197400 S 174000 Increase $23400 13.45% Assertion And Explanation The assertion placed in this case is the accuracy. The figures stated in the inventory account do not evidence the change in the working capital of the company. The auditor is required to check the method of valuation of the inventory along with the purchased bills for the year ending 30th of June 2017. He shall at first check the valuation of inventory along with the bills supporting the valuation. Secondly the auditor shall have the bin card so as to assess whether the company has been following the FIFO method or the weighted average method. Rationale For Selection The depreciation has been considerably increased from $15738 in the year 2016 to $35545 in the year 2017 without the corresponding increase in the figures of the machinery, motor vehicles and furniture. It has adversely affected the retained earnings by $19807 despite of its being the non cash item. Item 2017 2016 Change Percentage Decreased Depreciation $ 35545 $ 15738 Increase $19807 125.85% The assertion is the reliability. The depreciation amount has been increased by the higher amount and is not reliable in parlance with amount of the tangible assets. The auditor shall check the calculation sheet of the depreciation and check whether there has been any change in the method of depreciation. References ACCA, (2016), Analytical Procedures, available on https://www.accaglobal.com/vn/en/student/exam-support-resources/professional-exams-study-resources/p7/technical-articles/analytical-procedures.html accessed on 25-09-2017. Anastasia, (2015), Financial Statement Analysis : An Introduction available on https://www.cleverism.com/financial-statement-analysis-introduction/ accessed on 25-09-2017 PCAOB, (2017), Analytical Procedures available athttps://pcaobus.org/Standards/Archived/Pages/AU329A.aspx accessed on 25-09-2017 Ullah A, (2014), Planning and Audit of Financial Statements available on https://leaccountant.com/2014/12/08/asa-300-summary-planning-an-audit-of-financial statements/ accessed on 25-09-2017

Child care vs parenting Essay Example For Students

Child care vs parenting Essay Daycare has become a controversy because of the great quantity of advantages and disadvantages that it involves. While a very large number of parents have to rely on child care centers because of career ambitions or financial needs that only their jobs can fulfill, most child psychiatrists believe that the ideal growing environment for an infant is at home with the family. The problem is that choosing the right caregiver, a good substitute for the parents, is very hard, and the consequences of a wrong decision can be very detrimental to the childs personality development. This choice depends on many factors like culture, education and especially income. In fact, the financial availability plays the most important role in the possibility to choose the child care with the highest quality, which means, the lowest danger of a negative impact on the infant. In March 1970, twenty-six percent of mothers with children under two years of age were in the labor force. By the same month in 1984, that figure was 46.8 percent (U.S. Department of Labor, 1984). In the present day, that number is even higher and the children under five years of age who need daycare assistance reached ten million (Bureau of Census, 1995). This strong increase of demand for external caregivers brought to the creation of many specialized centers and the growth of the sector of non-professional assistance like part-time babysitters. Unfortunately, the most part of these offerings are incompetent and low quality. As the average age in which children are placed in extra-parental hands is decreasing, the risk of later behavioral consequences increases, so the choice of the right solution becomes always more critical. At this time, over half of the children under one year need this kind of assistance and approximately sixteen percent of them belong to families very close to the poverty line (NAP chap.1). The problem is accentuated by the widening of the gap between rich and poor, that can be translated in this matter as an increase of difficulty for low-income families to have access to the much more expensive high quality day care options. There are several aspects that built such a controversial situation and the most important are certainly the cultural and economical ones. The huge growth in womens independence and professional ambition, in addition to importance, of the last decades, caused the fall of the cultural basis that have always taken for granted the responsibility of the mother as the full-time caregiver (Chisholm 38). Now women are more willing to gain a successful and respectable place in society, and this can be achieved almost exclusively through hard work and full immersion in their jobs. Simultaneously, the economical situation of our society caused many families to depend on two incomes to satisfy the basic needs. In fact, the increase in the cost of living not sufficiently balanced by a relatively smaller rise in wages, and a greater attitude toward materialism and conspicuous consumption, have given women the same financial responsibility as men (Chilman 451). This aspect can be fully applied on ly on families with an average income or better, because professional daycare programs are pretty expensive and in some cases can reach prices higher than the minimum wage. Those factors combined, have made the external daycare for many couples an absolutely indispensable help to create a family without frustrating sacrifices. But this service is not the easy resolution to every problem, because it can be practical for the parents as well as dangerous for the infant. The advantage that most commonly encourage parents to enroll a child in a daycare program is the freedom for both of them to pursuit their objectives. In fact, some of those programs allow the parents to keep on working full-time, with the benefit of the same income level of before and give, especially to the mother, the possibility to keep a personal life not exclusively concentrated on the infant (Chilman 451). Moreover, this opportunity avoids the scheduling of different work shifts for the two parents that could potentially bring to a loss of closeness in the relationship. For the child there is basically one advantage: the high quality services offer the right settings to .